The Flu :: Influenza Virus

THE FLU The Flu is the common name influenza which is a virus that attacks the respiratory system. The flu virus releases its genetic information into the cells nucleus to replicate itself. When the cell dies, those copies are released and they affect other cells throughout the rest of the body. With that happening the virus weakens the immune system. When your sick with the flu, your body builds up a defense by making antibodies against it. The flu virus spreads through air when a person coughs, sneezes, or speaks. The Flu was first founded in Seattle September, 1918. The avian flu can also be known as the â€Å"Bird Flu†. The bird flu is being passed around by migratory birds. It can be transmitted from birds to mammals and in some limited circumstances to humans. The flu will also be known as the H5N1 virus. The H5N1 virus has raised concerns about a potential human pandemic because its virulent (deadly; extremely dangerous) and it can evolve like other influenza viruses. As many other viruses and illnesses the flu can be a lot more deadlier. When you get the flu the lungs are severely harmed from infected cells called macrophages and T-cells. The virus can spread way beyond the lungs but generally do not. Many people catch the flu and think they have the common cold because of some of the same symptoms. But actually the flu can be more dangerous if you don’t treat it immediately. Ways to prevent the flu: †¢ Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently †¢ Never pick up used tissues †¢ Never share cups and/or used utensils †¢ Always cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze †¢ Stay home when you get sick Research also says that after 5 days the fever and other symptoms have disappeared but a cough and weakness may continue. Usually all symptoms are gone within a week or two. But its important to treat the flu seriously because it can lead to other viruses such as pneumonia and other life-threatening complications. For the most part it appears in infants, senior citizens, and people with long term health problems. People with the flu may not know but they are actually contagious from a day before they feel sick. It would usually be one week for adults and two weeks for young kids. Anyone at any age can have serious complications with the flu but those at high risk are people over 50 years old, children between 6 months and 2 years, women more than 3 months pregnant the flu season, anyone living in a long-term care facility, and anyone with chronic heart, lung or kidney conditions, diabetes, or weakened immune system.

Anthropological approaches to family and kinship

Family and kinship has been studied under many disciplines; as such the relations between human beings as it regards to their genealogical origins has a varying relationship.Under the discipline of anthropology, kinship regards relations forged through marriage and arising from descent as being sufficiently important in deciding who is a member of which family; this is in contrast to biological disciplines which define relations through descent and mating (where by only people who share genes are related. As such, more people are related as defined by anthropology than by biology. However, the two forms of definition do not exist in isolation to each other; as such, people may be related to each other both by descent and by marriage if they are from a common descent.While families can easily define who are its members since more-often-than-not they know each other in details (for example the different children from each nuclear family), definition of kinship is relatively more challe nging as one moves away for each nuclear family; this complexity is increased when kinship by affinity (marriage) rather that pure consanguinity (descent) is included.Definition of a society through kinship offers a tool for organizing all its individuals into distinct social groups. The most basic of these groups is the family; in this, the definition of relationship is concrete, that is, there is a father, a mother and children. Away from the nuclear family, relations become more amorphous; and some are defined differently in different societies. However, so long as it is defined and known, relationships between persons that can be classified as kinship have been recognized as creating obligations between the involved individuals that are stronger than those that would be seen between strangers.ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHESAmong the earliest researchers to analyze kinship and family from an anthropological angle was Lewis Henry Morgan; this was in the publication Systems of Consangui nity and Affinity of the Human Family of 1871. In this publication, Morgan initiated the use of the term ‘affinity’ to describe a situation where people consider themselves as having kinship despite the fact that they are not biologically related (Trautmann, 2008).As such, groups of people who may have little or no biological relationship can identify themselves as a distinct social group; and use kinship terminology in regards of each other. Such groups share obligations to each other and are bound by a set of expected responses to various events; these bonds are strong despite the fact that some members are approximated only in terms of marriage (Houseman & White, 1998).Kinship systemEach of the groups that can define as a distinct social group is bound by a pattern of behavior that is generally acceptable and/or agreed upon as being normal. These practices govern various events that can and do alter the composition of the society and lay boundaries on what should hap pen and what shouldn’t.These patterns affect marriage in particular; this is in regards to forms of marriage (e.g. arranged vs. non-arranged), restrictions to marriage (between brother and sister, cousins), and which sexual relation is defined as incest. The construct of kinship system is however subject to a wide range of opinions with some of the commentary being inconsistent from one aspect to the other (Read, 2001).This is attributed by the fact that while an anthropologist is usually drawn to study a culture or society that is not his/her own (due to curiosity or novelty), s/he usually carries some of the kinship connotation from his/her system of origin (Wallace & Atkins, 1960).This leads to inconsistency since some definitions are relative from one system to the other; for example,   the title ‘uncle’ may not have the same meaning from system to system; while one may regard an uncle as the â€Å"brother of a parent†, other systems may have a wider bracket to include even cousins of the parents.These inconsistencies have stood in the way of creation of a universal theory of kinship in humans; that there is a similarity among how humans relate to each other if they share such a relationship. George P. Murdock in his 1949 publication Social Structure, compiled sets of data to show that the mutual feelings of kinship originated from a psychological response based on ego and the relations within the nuclear family.

Conformity Essay - 721 Words

There are many ways were people conform to society, sometimes it could be a good thing and sometimes it could be a bad thing. For people, there are certain expectations to follow. For example, when you go to a party like a wedding or so you are expected to dress nice and appropriate, you conform with society. Also, when you are driving you are expected to go to certain speed. People are always trying to comfort society in different ways. Overall, people have and set expectations for others and not all expectations are terrible but some go too far. People in society can benefit for conformity in many ways but there are also some bad outcomes. Conformity can can make our society safer by following laws and rules, but it can make our†¦show more content†¦For example, â€Å"It was tuned to a government transmitter. Every twenty seconds or so, the transmitter would send out some sharp noise to keep people like George from taking unfair advantage of their brains.† in this story Harrison Bergeron people are expected to conform to society to be â€Å"normal†. The government takes it to the extreme to have everyones intelligence, looks and any abilities the same. The government wants everyone to be equal which makes people rebelled when they do it unfairly Harrison wants to overthrow the government because he realizes that they are unfair to everyone. Society will be powerless without individuality which can cause the bad outcomes. Conformity should be on your own terms. In â€Å"Summer in the middle class†, Halpern creates a world where everyone conforms to exact same life. For instance, â€Å"At sundown a million barbeques ignite as if from a single match.† The society in this story decides to conform in the same everyday things such as getting home at the same time, eating at the same time, and going to sleep at the same time. No one in this society has a sense of individuality. They have a plan, a boring society, â€Å"the fluorescent show of t.v. coming on and then the total darkness.† In this story no one was their own person, every one wanted to conform to their society. Overall, in this society no one is forcing them to conform but it’s their decision to be like everyone else and not have anyShow MoreRelated Conformity Essay1362 Words   |  6 Pagesto Leon Mann, conformity means ‘yielding to group pressures’. Everyone is a member of one group or another and everyone expects members of these groups to behave in certain ways. If you are a member of an identifiable group you are expected to behave appropriately to it. If you don’t confirm and behave appropriately you are likely to be rejected by the group. Like stereotypes, conforming and expecting others to conform maintains cognitive balance. There are several kinds of conformity. Many studiesRead MoreEssay on Conformity and Rebellion834 Words   |  4 PagesA certain amount of conformity needs to exist in life in order to avoid disorder. This is the reason we have laws. Take those laws, rules, control, or even expectations, to an extreme, and some form of rebellion is probable. Struggle with these opposites, and you have a catalyst for war, or perhaps, being fired from a job. Literature represents life, and this theme can be found at the root of many literary works. â€Å"The Lottery,† by Shirley Jackson, reflects blind conformity by the villagers withRead MorePersuasive Essay On Conformity1016 Words   |  5 Pages Conformity is killing the beauties of individualities Should we blame society or ourselves for conforming? As a struggling college student, today we are continually attempting to fit in and discover their place and role in society. Drug and alcohol abuse are turning into the responses for us so we do not have to deal with the social expectations of society. 3 out of 4 of high schoolers have reported that school stress is the reason behind it (12 Keys Rehab, 2013). Imagine there were 4 people inRead MoreThe Battle of Conformity Essays1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe Battle of Conformity In literature, there are four main types of conflicts: man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. society and, the toughest one of them all, man vs. himself. In the novels The Kite Runner by Kahled Hosseini and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, both of the main characters have large conflicts with themselves. They battle with their conscience to figure out what’s right and what’s wrong. â€Å"So [they] beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past†Read More Social Conformity Essay528 Words   |  3 Pagesand its rules has a social impact on each individual. If people face with any kind of social impact such as group pressure, great part of them show conformity by changing their behaviors, ideas, decisions in expected way. A person conforms if he or she chooses a course of action that a majority favors or that is socially acceptable. Some kind of conformity is natural and socially healthy but obeying all the norms, ideas, and decision s without thinking or accepting is harmful for the society and itsRead MoreConformity and Individuality Essay933 Words   |  4 PagesConformity Speech I strongly believe that individuality should be valued over conformity. Today I will tell you how precious and rare individuality is, and why we should value it over conformity. As human beings, our lives are circled around a thin line that separates conformity and individuality. There are countless times when we are confused about whether our choice was made by others, or yourself. Deep inside, we all want to be liked; we all want to be loved, we all crave the warm feelings ofRead MoreEssay on Conformity and Political Control1353 Words   |  6 Pagesto others. Although there are many explicit forms of conformity, there are also implicit forms of conformity that affect the attitudes and behavior of people on a subconscious level. The major problem with the modern bi-partisan political system is that it is fundamentally built on the idea that people will conform to others that are associated with them socially. Chartrand and Bargh completed one of the more famous experiments on conformity in 1999 where they were able to illustrate that peopleRead MoreEssay on Consequences of Conformity in The Chocolate War492 Words   |  2 PagesConsequences of Conformity in The Chocolate War Throughout Robert Cormier’s The Chocolate War, the theme of the consequences of conformity, or nonconformity, is expressed. Although The Chocolate War was first published in 1974, this theme still pertains to the youth of today. This novel is timeless because teenagers will always face the choice of whether to be true to themselves, or to conform to what other’s expect of them. In response to this theme, David Peck states, â€Å"what this idea becomesRead MoreConformity and Its Meaning Essay478 Words   |  2 PagesConformity and Its Meaning This assignment focuses upon conformity and what it means to us. Conformity is defined by Zimbardo (1992) as A tendency for people to adopt behaviour, values and attitudes of other members of a reference group. Why people conform is a topic of much debate. People dont always conform for the same reasons, in 1958 Kelman identified three main forms of conformity, each of which could produce conforming behaviour but in differentRead MoreRelationship Between Family Size And Conformity Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesStage 1 Psychology: Conformity Investigation Subject Outline Topic - Influence and Social Interaction Hypothesis: Will those in group A with a higher number of siblings have higher campaign scores. (higher percentage in campaign scores more likely to conform). Research Question: Relationship between family size and conformity levels. Proposal: The following investigation is designed to determine whether there is a relationship between the number of siblings and conformity levels. As the investigation